ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an extensive discussion of the variety of dilemmas and orientations discovered in the descriptive efforts. It discusses the various uses of the resulting ideography. This replication, so rare in content analysis research, prompts the next two questions: The dilemma concept derives from both empirical findings and a particular conception of the content of documents. In different types of documents, several additional dilemmas and their contrasting orientations appear that seem thematically related: Progressive vs. Conservative; Conflict vs. Consensus; Liberty vs. Ideography is largely an interpretative and descriptive effort to locate documents in ideational conceptual space so that the investigators can more precisely identify content differences among sets of documents and track their changes of content over time. When confronted with the question of why a document is located at its particular place in dilemma space, the single best predictor of a document's position in the cultural dilemma space is its previous position.
