This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book focuses on global inequality patterns provides striking insights into the continued importance of ascribed characteristics such as citizenship for patterns of social stratification of modernity. It illustrates the way in which methodological shifts related to each of these dimensions have been proposed within different theoretical approaches that have nevertheless until now failed to produce a coherent theoretical model. The book shows how both Marx's and Weber's theories of class were embedded in larger theories of modernity and capitalism. Instead of overgeneralising from the particular history of its own geopolitical location, a global sociology which has moved beyond Occidentalism would be able to account for the continuum of structures of power linking geopolitical locations from colonial through postcolonial times.