ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a framework of a basic history that centers on the patient's bladder, bowel, and sexual function. Essential elements of the focused neuro-urologic physical exam include an evaluation of the patient's gross motor function, an abdominal exam, and a genitourinary exam that consists of a rectal examination, sacral sensitivity, and reflex testing. A bladder diary is a helpful tool to objectively capture a patient's fluid intake and urine output over a 3-day course. A bladder diary may help identify many causes for lower urinary tract symptoms including nocturnal polyuria and excessive fluid or caffeine intake. Sexual dysfunction is common among men and women with neurologic conditions. Men may suffer from neurogenic erectile dysfunction and/or ejaculatory problems. The physical evaluation should include inspection of the patient's gross motor function, which includes the patient's mobility, dexterity, and degree of spasticity, followed by a standard abdominal exam.
