ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at a number of sentence-types which involve either a noncanonical complement or a noncanonical subject, a constituent which functions as the complement of some word level head or as the subject of a predicate although it is not in the canonical position for a complement or a subject. It introduces a variety of examples involving a noncanonical complement and also a range of examples with a noncanonical subject. The chapter highlights the fact that many sentences involving a noncanonical complement or subject have related sentences with a canonical complement or subject. It also explains the monostratal approach to these sentences, in which the structure of a sentence is a single tree, an approach which is exemplified by Phrase Structure Grammar (PSG). Following this the chapter briefs the multistratal approach, in which the structure of a sentence can be a number of trees, which is exemplified by transformational grammar.
