ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the development of enzyme biosensors for several typical important analytes based on the commercial glucose biosensor platform including metabolic compounds, toxins, polymers, and enzyme activities. Metabolic compounds are important analytes for medical diagnosis and environmental monitoring, and metabolic biosensors are widely developed based on sequential and competitive enzymatic reactions on Clark-type electrode and screen-printed electrodes. The determination of enzyme activity is of great importance for various biological and medical applications. The biosensors for enzyme activities are generally constructed based on the detection of the decrease of the substrates or the increase of products from the enzymatic reaction. Toxins are harmful for various metabolic activities, and the determination of toxins are important for environmental and medical monitoring. The biosensor constructions are generally based on the inhibition of enzymatic activities on electrodes. Azide is used as an example for the construction of biosensors for toxins.
