ABSTRACT
This chapter gives a standard formulation of the property *f(ns*X) = ns*Y which leads to the concept of so-called biquotient maps. Some properties of biquotient maps are proved by nonstandard methods. It focuses on perfect maps and contains some nonstandard proofs of known results. The chapter deals with sufficient conditions for the validity of the inclusion, and introduced the notion of a nearly biquotient map and proves some elementary results. Finally, terminology for two concepts are highlighted: k-space and T1-space.
