War is an extension of diplomacy and this relationship is traceable to the evolution of the state. The myth is that the Niti Sastra composed by Brahma for the restoration of order provided for twelve rajamandalas and the attention each of them demanded of the ruler. A perfect understanding of mandalas was considered necessary for a king as the application of six measures of diplomacy depended on it. These measures included sandhayasana, yatrasandhana, Vigrahyasana, yatrasamparigrhya, dvaidhibhava and samsraya. The danda was one of the four means of state policy, the other three being sama dana and bheda. The weaker kings of the raja-mandala could be subjugated by applying sama and dana policy while strong ones by using bheda and danda means. The Arthasastra describes various calamities which affected various constituents of the state, viz., king, minister, country, fort, treasury, army and the ally and in consequence were integral to the pursuit of war.