The history of American political science may be divided into three broad phases: Traditionalism, Behavioralism, and Post-Behavioralism. In the late 19th century, four individuals with Traditionalist orientations set the stage for institutionalizing political science as an academic discipline: Francis Lieber, Woodrow Wilson, John W. Burgess, and Frank J. Goodnow. John Dewey was critical of the Traditionalist conception of citizenship and citizenship education. The formation of the American Political Science Association (APSA) in 1904 signified that political scientists were surely determined to secure a separate status for political science courses in colleges. Three factors point to the growth in college enrollment and demand for political science faculty: the influence of progressivism, the role of government in public life, and faith in science. In late 19th century the social sciences, mainly political science, sociology, and economics, also flourished in academia. The feminists and other insurgents in the APSA sought to create a new political science.