This chapter reviews the development of environmental human rights Understood here as a generic term for human rights with an environmental dimension whether by content or by context. It show the dramatic influence that the principle of sustainability is having on human rights and our thinking about individual freedom, property and the interrelations between rights and responsibilities. In so far as they allow for public engagement in environmental decision-making, they appear to strengthen concerns for ecological sustainability. As indicated, the international regime for the protection of human rights has developed differently from the protection of the environment. It is not surprising, therefore, that the development of environmental human rights since the 1980s has been dominated by traditional anthropocentrism. Ever since the 1972 Stockholm Declaration, making the link between environmental degradation and enjoyment of human rights, the environmental dimension of human rights has been recognized in international law and in many national jurisdictions.