ABSTRACT
Globally, almost four million (3,961,200) metric tons of crustaceans are produced annually.[1] As noted in the entry “Crustaceans: Marine Shrimp,” marine shrimp production represents approximately two-thirds of this total. Other important cultured crustaceans such as crayfish, freshwater shrimp, and crabs that are presently being commercially cultured in various parts of the world are the focus of this entry. These crustaceans are typically reared in earthen ponds, though enclosures or pens in natural bodies of water such as lakes or mangrove swamps also are used. Careful management of the pond biota, which provides food for the cultured species, is essential for the profitable production of these crustaceans. Additional supplementary sources of feed: plant material, fish, or formulated feed, are used to maximize productivity. Although there are some similarities, important differences in the biology of the various types of crustaceans lead to differing approaches in rearing techniques. As a consequence, discussion of the various species is categorized by taxonomic groups. Also included in that they have been the focus of extensive research efforts is the potential for the commercial culture of various types of lobsters.
