ABSTRACT
Reform has dramatically changed the character, symbolism, and management of welfare programs in America. Policy makers and managers have struggled to craft policies and programs that alter the outcomes of the system. In pursuit of the new goals, welfare managers have had to change organizations, manage effectively in networks, develop useful information systems, create new approaches to client processing, craft a new role of case management, select appropriate services, navigate the intergovernmental system, and allocate resources effectively.
