ABSTRACT
This article covers transport of pathogens from different sources (e.g., land-applied animal or human wastes), either over ground or through the subsurface (soil, sediments, or rock formations), and the possible arrival of contaminating pathogens at surface or groundwater. Topics covered include the following: characteristics of pathogens and of the transporting pore space; mechanisms of transport; pathogen interactions with soil; measurement and modeling of pathogen transport; and practical aspects, including conditions favoring transport to water and their avoidance.
