ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on transmission lines which provides a summary of the fundamental transmission-line theory and gives representative examples of important engineering applications. It summarizes the fundamental mathematical transmission-line equations and associated concepts, reviews the basic characteristics of transmission lines, and presents the transient response due to a step voltage or voltage pulse. The chapter provides a brief summary of more advanced transmission-line concepts and gives a brief discussion of current technological developments and future directions. The line parameters of a lossy transmission line are frequency dependent owing to the skin effect in the conductors and loss tangent of the dielectric medium. When a traveling wave reaches the end of the transmission line, a reflected wave is generated unless the termination presents a load condition that is equal to the characteristic impedance of the line.
