ABSTRACT
The critically ill hospitalized patient as well as the long-term home nutrition support patient can experience various toxic effects associated with the parenteral nutrition support. The intent of this review is to provide an overview of the most common toxicities associated with parenteral nutrition. The adverse effects of dextrose, lipids, amino acids, water, electrolytes, vitamins, trace minerals, and contaminants as well as issues concerning parenteral nutrition-associated liver and bone disease have been reviewed. Practitioners should continue to anticipate and potentially avoid these adverse effects whenever possible.
