ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book helps hydraulic design engineers to be conscious of the physical processes involved with swirling and vortex flows, the potential problems which may be encountered, and methods available to solve anticipated or known problems. It presents some principles of vortex motion and summarizes the results of basic experiments in tanks with bottom outlets. The book investigates the question of intake withdrawal direction on critical submergence. It seems evident that the withdrawal direction has some influence on the critical submergence, although this is but one geometric factor describing an intake. The book also summarizes the results of various investigations on scale effects. Various investigators have proposed guidelines for designing vortex-free intakes. During a model study to produce a vortex-free design, or in cases where objectionable vortices occur in the prototype, various techniques may be used to dissipate vortices to negligible strengths.
