ABSTRACT
The process of ion implantation provides a versatile and controllable method for modifying the surface composition and properties of materials. This chapter focuses on the continuing investigations of implantation at elevated temperatures and discusses the effects produced in a range of steels, specifically 0.3% carbon mild steel, austenitic stainless steel, and 5% Cr tool steel. These results are compared with those of conventional ion beam implantation and present preliminary results where attempts have been made to mimic some of the conditions of PI3 treatment in a conventional implanter. Conventional implantation was carried out by the CSIRO on a 50 keV research implanter with a Freeman ion source and analyser magnet. Ion beam implantation by ultra-high current densities, or in a backfill of nitrogen gas, can give similar results but still suffers from line-of-sight and component manipulation problems.
