ABSTRACT
Non-atmospheric hazardous conditions cause many fatal accidents in confined spaces. Non-atmospheric hazardous conditions that can occur in confined spaces cover a wide range. A major theme with non-atmospheric hazards is the storage, conversion, and transport of energy. Some non-atmospheric conditions involving energy result from work that occurs in the space. Low voltage lighting is sanctioned in regulatory statutes as protective devices in conductive and hazardous locations. Hand lamps designed for use in hazardous locations are specially designed units. Accidents involving unstable interior structural conditions were as likely to occur during routine work as during unusual activity. Work activity associated with installation or removal of the structure or equipment created the unstable condition in almost all situations. Controlled storage of energy has been utilized in equipment for many centuries. The catapult operates through a sequence of actions that store energy in a controlled manner for release at a specific moment.
