ABSTRACT

Moshé Zwarts’ critical point of view on building underground: using examples he will raise and answer some questions about building underground, and how people react to that. Some of these questions are: Why should we and why do we build underground?

Why are people reluctant to use underground buildings like tunnels? Did people know this when they started to build the, for example, London Underground in 1850?

Can we change this attitude of reluctancy, and if so, how can we use architecture to change “reluctant” into “willingly”?