ABSTRACT
Although immersed tunnelling is already a relatively traditional technique, the immersed tunnelling engineers of the Caland Tunnel found some new solutions.
Existing techniques were optimised as well as local conditions asked for ingenious designs. A new design philosophy on temporary supports was developed and a new type of water ballast tanks was introduced. Due to the wave climate during the floating transport of the tunnel segments sea conditions had to be taken into account. Also the occurrence of seiches in the Rotterdam Port affected the immersion process. Besides these topics a short description of the floating transport and immersion operations is given.
