ABSTRACT
CSG, Cemented Sand and Gravel, is a material made by adding cement and water to rock-like material such as riverbed gravel or excavation muck that can be obtained easily near dam sites, and mixing it briefly with simple device. The strength of CSG is relatively not strong and the fluctuation of its physical property is large compared with concrete. On the other hand, because the stress occurred in a trapezoid shaped dam with gentle slope is small, the required strength of its material can be low. It is, therefore, possible to use the CSG as a construction material for the trapezoid shaped dam. Authors have advocated the Trapezoid-Shaped CSG Dam as a new type of dam that combines both characteristics of a trapezoid shaped dam and CSG.
In this paper, basic properties of CSG, such as compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, stress–strain curve that obtained by laboratory tests were described. Because a grading and the water content of raw material are varied through a construction, physical properties of CSG are inevitably scattered. Therefore, it is important to grasp the relationship between a strength of CSG and mix proportion such as grading, water content and cement content and so on. Generally, CSG shows the elastro-plasticity behavior, only the elastic range of CSG is considered in a design. Therefore, “Elastic range strength” that defined as the maximum strength in the elastic range was also obtained in the tests. Furthermore, the elastro-plasticity of CSG was confirmed by cyclic loading tests. As the results show that properties of CSG is largely affected in properties of its raw material. Therefore, it is important to examine the properties of CSG using practical raw material before designing a trapezoidal-shaped CSG Dam.
