ABSTRACT
The threat of waterborne disease remains a crucial consideration for water supplies worldwide. The absence of microbial pathogens is a basic criterion for potable water. Specific tests for waterborne pathogens are generally reserved for outbreak investigations. For many years microbial indicators have played an essential role in determining the sanitary quality of drinking water. These indicator organisms provide a means for assessing the potential presence of disease-causing organisms. Public health officials have come to rely upon microbial indicator systems to provide a cost-effective means for assessing drinking water quality. Most waterborne pathogens are of faecal origin. Tests have been developed to detect organisms which are associated with faecal contamination. Certain criteria have been developed to characterize a microbial indicator system. There have been dramatic developments in test systems which allow for quick, simple and unambiguous testing for indicator organisms.
