ABSTRACT
In situ treatment is one of today’s most exciting treatment concepts in the environmental field. For aquifers and soils contaminated with organic material, in situ treatment offers a natural destruction process at a relatively low cost. Industry, treatment experts, and governmental agencies are all embracing the concept as an important tool for aquifer restoration. Aquifers cannot always meet the environmental conditions required for biological treatment. The key to the design of an in situ treatment for an aquifer is to supply the bacteria, oxygen, nutrients, and other environmental conditions that are required for biological action. Aquifers have a limited ability to supply and replace their environmental requirements. Most groundwater contaminations exceed the abilities by orders of magnitude. Active management supplies the environmental requirements for the aquifer. This is done through the use of wells, pumps, chemicals and aboveground equipment.
