ABSTRACT
Nowadays, the method of controlled administration of drugs enjoys wide application in the field of ophthalmology, employing various systems such as inserts, capsules and minipumps. All these systems are based on the utilization of biodegradable and nonbiodegradable, natural and synthetic polymers. In this connection, the present chapter discusses first the general methods of controlled administration of drugs into the eye, as well as the main polymers employed (i.e., their shortcomings, perspectives, etc.). Special stress is laid upon hydrophobic and hydrophilic nondegradable polymers, hydrogels, and bioerodible systems.
The second part of the paper discusses ophthalmic prostheses used for drug release. Mention is being made first of hydrogels and soluble ocular inserts—for the treatment of ocular infection, inserts for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma, thermogels and polymeric dispersion, hydrophilic soft contact lenses, and soluble ocular inserts.
In the end, the chapter analyzes some buckling materials, capsule type drug delivery systems, and implantable drug delivery pumps.
The systems of controlled release of drugs into the eye, presented in the chapter, are being employed in the treatment of the most frequent ocular affections: glaucoma, conjunctivitis, keratite, and cancer.
