ABSTRACT
In Northeast Africa and Arabia, the Pan African terrain is generally referred to as Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS) and consist to a large degree of juvenile crustal material accreted to the ancient African margin during the period -900–700 Ma ago. The juvenile Pan-African rock assemblage of northern Eritrea is essentially similar to that found in the Tokar Terrane of the southern Red Sea Hills and consists largely of an association of bimodal metavolcanic rocks, minor metasediments and pre- syn- and post-tectonic granitoids. The age and geodynamic relationships of the various rock units in northern Malawi are still uncertain due to the apparent superposition of three mobile belts, namely the Ubendian, Irumide-Usagaran and Mozambique. The Precambrian rocks of Madagascar occur in several tectono-metamorphic terranes which are bounded by major shear zones and ophiolite belts. The high-grade metamorphic assemblages of southernmost India consist of a variety of granitoid gneisses, largely charnockitized, and granulite-grade supracrustal units dominated by metasediments.
