ABSTRACT
Permanent rock-bolting as a sole support system of coal-mine roadways offers non less than 70% materials costs savings when compared with arched openings and reduces approx. 80% transportation and repair costs. It requires however careful simulation and designing system to include effects of rheology, moisture and seismicity, as well as detailed analysis of roof-bed separation in time-lapse. Transient (temporary) bolting doesn’ t require such a comprehensive approach but offers substantial work easing especially on face-ends and during longwall salvages. Some important elements of computer simulation and designing programs developed by the author are discussed in brief.
