A phenomenological model for the prediction of the hysteretic response of structural components to seismic loads

Some of the reported hysteresis models are reviewed in this context. These models come in a wide variety, from mechanistic models such as the Masing (1926)- Iwan (1967) model and its extensions, to differential phenomenological models such as the Bouc (1967)- Wen (1976) type models, to graphical phenomenological models such as that presented in Noé et al. (1996).