Assessment of ice-induced loads on ship hulls based on continuous response monitoring

Expected growth in maritime and offshore activity in Polar areas has increased the focus on possible risks connected to operation in ice infested waters. Models for ice-induced loads on the shell structures of ships have a long history. For statistical analysis of ice loads on ship hulls, see e.g. Kheisin et al. (1973), Korri et al. (1979), Vuorio et al. (1979), Varsta (1983), Varsta (1984), Daley (1991) and Kujala (1994).