ABSTRACT
Fang & Wang (1998) analyzed the ground settlement due to pipe jacking in soft soils and developed a method to predict the settlement profile of straight pipe-jacking. Wei et al. (2003) analyzed the mechanism and reason of ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction. Wei et al. (2005) derived the computing formulas of ground deformation induced by bulkhead additive thrust, force of friction between shield and soil, and force of friction between follow-up pipes and soil by using the Mindlin solution in elastic mechanics. Furthermore, the formula of total ground deformation induced by pipe jacking construction was
obtained by combining the formula of ground deformation induced by ground loss with the previous one. However, there is no study on the formula of ground deformation of curved pipe-jacking.
