ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: We examine the state of groundwater quality and management in mid-sized African cities, where significant proportions of the population are dependent on groundwater. African urban centres are rapidly expanding and the groundwater underlying these areas needs proper protection. Case study cities from Mozambique, Kenya and Mali are used for the discussion. In these cities, groundwater monitoring programs were established employing portable chemical and microbiological monitoring equipment. Widespread faecal contamination and elevated nutrient levels (with respect to surrounding rural areas) was commonly detected. Possible solutions that are highlighted and evaluated include various technical, socio-economic and water policy strategies as well as the role of the private sector.
