ABSTRACT
Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography clearly visualizes superficial lymph flows without radiation exposure. ICG lymphography findings include normal linear pattern and abnormal dermal backflow (DB) patterns (splash, stardust, and diffuse patterns), and primary lymphedema can be classified into four types based on the findings: proximal DB (PDB), distal DB (DDB), less enhancement (LE), and no enhancement (NE) types. Since ICG lymphography allows real-time evaluation, it can be applied to navigation for various lymphedema management plans, including manual lymph drainage and lymphatic surgeries. Combined with other lymph imaging modalities such as lymphoscintigraphy, ICG lymphography maximizes diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy in primary lymphedema management.
