ABSTRACT
Capillary malformations (CMs) are congenital vascular malformations arising from dysplastic dermal vessels. CMs can coexist with other types of vascular malformations and can be part of a syndrome. Examples include capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformations (CM-AVMs), capillary venous lymphatic malformations (CVLMs), and Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. CMs can be confused with other dermal vascular conditions such as hemangiomas and other telangiectatic disorders. In particular, CMs should be differentiated from essential telangiectasias. CMs in Sturge-Weber syndrome should be differentiated from flat hemangiomas of PHACES (posterior fossa, brain malformations; hemangioma, segmental; arterial anomalies of the head and/or neck, abnormalities of the blood vessels in the neck or head; cardiac abnormalities/aortic coarctation, abnormalities of the heart or the blood vessels that are attached to the heart; eye abnormalities) syndrome given the different implications, investigation requirements, and treatments.
