ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the most important types of surface forces and the relevant equations for the force laws given. A number of attractive and repulsive forces operate between surfaces and particles. Adhesion forces are often strong enough to deform the shapes of two bodies or particles elastically or plastically when they come into contact for the first time. McGuiggan and Israelachvili measured the adhesion forces and interaction potentials between two mica surfaces as a function of the orientation of their surface lattices. However, with another medium, such as pure water which is presumably well ordered when confined between two mica lattices, the atomic granularity is apparent and alters the adhesion forces and whole interaction potential out to D > 1 nm.
