ABSTRACT
A suite of marine and freshwater chronic bioassays was used to characterize effluent from two pulp and paper mills using high chlorine dioxide substitution before and after conversion to oxygen delignification. One of these mills was located in the northwest U.S. and the other in the Southern U.S. Both incorporated effluent secondary treatment. For one of the mills this data set is also provided for comparison with effluent quality before the initial conversion to increased chlorine dioxide substitution. Marine bioassays included those with echinoderm sperm and eggs and larval fish. Freshwater testing included those with fathead minnows and Ceriodaphnia dubia. Concurrent chemical analysis included AOX, individual chlorinated organic compounds, resin/fatty acids, and a large number of other chemical analytes. Data are presented to characterize both the biological and chemical relevance of mill process conversions designed to reduce the usage of elemental chlorine.
