ABSTRACT
Common polymers as polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) have low conductivities, classified as insulators with σ bonds. The search of synthetic macromolecules with conductivities equal to or higher than metals has allowed the synthesis of dozens of chemically different macromolecules, each one with differing electrical properties. Normally, conducting polymers present alternated single and double (π) bonds, known as conjugated polymers. The π bands give the metallic or semi-metallic characters according to their completion. For instance, on polyacetylene, there are two sub-bands: the valence band π (occupied) and the conduction band π* (not occupied) (Da Silva et al., 2008) (Figure 7.1).
