ABSTRACT
Phyllodes tumor is a rare breast neoplasm, accounting for only 1% of breast tumors. The name is derived from the leaf-like projections seen under microscopic examination of the tumor. Presentation of a phyllodes tumor typically includes a rapidly growing painless lump in the breast. Diagnosis of a phyllodes tumor involves triple assessment. The surrounding halo, smooth lobulated surface, and intralesional clefts seen on ultrasound can help differentiate it from other breast tumors like fibroadenoma.
Treatment of phyllodes tumor involves wide local excision. Oncoplasty may be needed to attain symmetry in large lesions with volume loss. In some cases, simple mastectomy with or without reconstruction may be necessary. Axillary lymph node dissection is not recommended. Radiation therapy has a limited role in the management of phyllodes tumor, while adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with marginally improved survival. Close clinical and radiological follow-up is recommended due to the high risk of local recurrence.
