Projects in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry require collaboration between different parties. Therefore, stakeholders from different fields come together to fulfil the projects’ requirements with a high level of interaction. The AEC industry has developed digital transformation practices such as building information modelling (BIM) in recent years. However, the adoption of BIM is not straightforward since the usage of BIM requires technical and managerial knowledge. One of these areas of technical knowledge is interoperability, which is challenging and costly for the AEC industry.

Furthermore, a lack of human resources has been found to be one of the hindrances to BIM implementation in the literature, since skill building and developing training programmes for white-collar professionals are very costly for companies. Therefore, this chapter aims to inform graduates and readers about the concept of interoperability, file formats, and developed solutions to overcome interoperability issues. Finally, the knowledge which is obtained from this chapter will facilitate and contributes to the problem solving capability of graduates and the harmonization of new graduates to an integrated project delivery approach.