ABSTRACT
Nanocomposites have gained prominence in pharmaceutical formulation and delivery applications due to their tunable biophysical properties, including particulate size, surface characteristics, and morphology. Metal oxide nanocomposites with small size, uniformly dispersed particulates, edge surface sites, and lattice symmetry are mostly advantageous for biomedical applications. Metal oxides are classified into two broad categories: magnetic, which mostly includes iron oxides, and nonmagnetic. The chapter explores an overview idea of the significance of magnetic and nonmagnetic metal oxide nanocomposites, their cytotoxicity profiles, and recent advancements in targeted drug delivery applications in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, and renal ailments. The advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the addition of a few novel carbon allotropes such as graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and fullerenes. CNTs are composited with iron oxide nanoparticles to form high-strength nanocomposites. Iron oxides are added to polymers to pose them as magnetic composites with regular polymer characteristics.
