ABSTRACT
Convection in porous media has so many industrial applications in drying technology, energy storage systems, solar collectors, transpiration cooling, electronic cooling, metal foam heat exchangers, designed porous media, fuel cells, automobile industry, and biotechnology, to name a few. In 1988, G. R. McNamara and G. Zanetti introduced the lattice Boltzmann equation, also called the lattice Boltzmann method, as an alternative flow solver in an attempt to address the shortcomings of its predecessor, lattice gas automata. Lattice BGK (LBGK) approaches for thermal flows are generally classified into the multi-speed (MS) and double distribution function models. The MS models employ the higher order velocity terms in the density equilibrium distribution function in order to recover the macroscopic energy equation without using a separate distribution function for the temperature. S. Succi et al. pioneered the use of LBGK with the bounce back scheme to simulate a low Reynolds number isothermal fluid flow through a randomly distributed three-dimensional blocks.
