ABSTRACT
Basic characteristics of metal foam play an important role in the fields of thermal management and heat transfer enhancement. Basic characteristics of metal foam mainly contain porosity, equivalent aperture, pore density, relative density, and specific surface area. With the development of science and technology, in particular the rapid development of various power electronics and the applications in automotive, aerospace, numerous mobile devices, and data centers, there are increasing demands for heat exchangers to transfer high heat flux with increasingly smaller surface areas. In the field of industrial applications, the investment of heat-exchange equipment normally accounts for 30%–45% of the total. Porous material was developed in the 20th century. It is a kind of material with a network structure formed by interconnected or closed pores. There are two kinds of structures: two-dimensional and three-dimensional. Porous materials generally have the advantages of low relative density, high specific strength, high specific surface area, light weight, sound insulation, heat insulation, and good permeability.
