ABSTRACT
Fast depletion of fossil fuel reserves and the environmental threat associated with the excessive use of fossil fuels have prompted all nations to encourage the use of renewable and clean energy technologies on one hand, and to impose adoption of energy efficient and eco-friendly combustion techniques on the other hand. The concepts of heat recuperation and excess enthalpy combustion were first investigated by Weinberg who stated that by heat recirculation, the flame temperatures could be higher than the theoretical maximum adiabatic flame temperatures. The flame velocities in porous media combustion (PMC) are higher compared to laminar free flames for a given mixture. One way of stabilizing the flame inside the matrix is through a sudden or gradual change in the burner cross-sectional area. There are two mechanisms for liquid-fuel-fired PMC burners: one is fuel spraying and the other is fuel vaporizing. The former is normally employed for industrial and civil applications, such as boilers and furnaces.
