ABSTRACT
Application of nanobioconjugant has generated implausible curiosity in the biotechnology community. Biomolecule-nanoparticle (NP) hybrid system combines biocatalytic properties of enzymes with that of unique electronic, optical, and catalytic features of NPs’ new functionalities. The review focuses mainly on the current expansion of novel nanocarriers/nanocontainers with advanced hierarchical porous structures such as nanofibres, mesoporous nanocarriers and nanocages for retaining lipase. Strategies for immobilizing enzymes onto nanocarriers made from polymers, silicas, carbons and metals by physical adsorption, covalent binding, cross-linking or specific ligand spacers are also discussed. Finally, the problems encountered with nanostructured biocatalysts are discussed together with the future prospects of such systems.
