ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the issue of variability versus homogeneity in the targeting of farming systems research and extension activities. Inherent in the farming systems approach is the recognition of the variability of the complex circumstances farmers face while managing farms that are comprised of inter-related crop, animal, household, and off-farm enterprises. Farming systems practitioners use targeting concepts to assist them in making decisions which increase the likelihood of an optimal distribution of research results among the members of a community. Farming systems practitioners must develop a common understanding of how the use and definition of "domains" change as the farming systems sequence progresses from initial characterization through problem diagnosis, testing, adaptation, evaluation, and finally, to the delivery of the new technology to farmers. Farming systems teams' work in a project area located on the basis of geographical and political considerations rather than with biological conditions or socioeconomic concerns.
