From 2004 to 2009, cardiothoracic surgery witnessed a significant decline in the number of run-through training posts being advertised and specialty trainees appointed nationally. National recruitment in cardiothoracic surgery covers all posts in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Applications for all posts are completed via the online Intrepid Pathway recruitment portal and each year a different deanery takes the role of hosting the process. The focus of the selection process is equally weighted between experience and potential. Applicants who do not satisfy the essential criteria for the posts being advertised are removed at the longlisting stage. Applicants who are invited to attend the assessment centre are asked to express a preference on training centres on the UK Offers System. A knowledge base in the specialty will be expected and when answering questions need to demonstrate a methodical approach and a sound understanding of the specialty, as well as keeping the patient safe.