ABSTRACT
A lymphocele (LCs) is a collection of lymphatic fluid in a cavity that is not lined by epithelium. Risk factors for forming LCs are heparin given into the thigh and insufficient intraoperative ligation of lymphatic vessels. The reasons for development of LCs following kidney transplantation remain unclear, as the donor’s kidney as well as the recipient’s lymphatics may contribute to their formation. Clinical symptoms of a LC mostly develop secondary to compression of blood vessels and include edema of the leg, thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Obstruction of the transplant ureter with consecutive urinary tract obstruction and reduced graft function may occur. Infected LCs should be treated by drainage, and urinomas by ureteral stenting, Foley catheter, and possibly a further operation like a new uretero-cysto-neostomy (re-UCN).
