ABSTRACT

Macromolecules generally refer to oligo-andpolynucleotides,peptides,proteins,andpolymers whose sizes are normally larger than1 kDa.§ey can serve as alternatives to traditional drugs(e.g., low-molecular-weight chemo herapeutics)but their bio availabilities are usually limited[4].Firs to fall, the cell membrane is normally impermeable to the aforementioned large molecular complexes,where as

65.1 Introduction ....................................................................................1529 65.2Mechanisms of Action ...................................................................1530