ABSTRACT
There are four types of intersex disorders: female pseudohermaphroditism (genetic female with masculinized phenotype), male pseudohermaphroditism (genetic male with feminized phenotype), true hermaphroditism, and gonadal dysgenesis.
The most common intersex disorder is congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Treatments for intersex disorders depend upon the type of the disorder and the severity of the disease.
Hypospadias is a developmental anomaly of the penis associated with ventral curvature of the shaft, a ventral opening of the urethral meatus, and abnormal distribution of the foreskin. Treatment is reconstructive surgery.
Cryptorchidism is failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum. Undescended testicles are associated with increased risks of infertility and cancer. Treatment is surgical placement of the affected testicle into the scrotum or hormonal therapy to induce testicular descent.
Other congenital scrotal abnormalities include inguinal hernia and hydrocele.
