ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the development of a more efficient energy conversion photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell in terms of reliability and durability for the production of hydrogen. A PEC cell consists of three electrodes, namely reference, working or photo, and counter electrodes. All the electrodes were immersed in an electrolyte solution. Hematite was considered as a promising material in PEC water splitting due to its advantages of easier synthesis; visible light absorption; stability in neutral, acid, and alkaline solutions; nontoxicity; cheapness; narrow bandgap; and abundance. Metal nitrides have received considerable attention in PEC cell for the production of Hydrogen (H2) through water splitting. Quantum-dot-based photoelectrodes have garnered much attention for PEC hydrogen generation due to their extraordinary physical properties such as tunable light absorption, excellent photostability, easy surface binding, and high extinction coefficient. PEC H2 production from renewable biomass such as alcohols, organic acids, and saccharides and water was more efficient as compared with that from water splitting.
