ABSTRACT
This chapter presents the biosensing and therapeutic capabilities of graphene against diabetes. The nanotechnology industry has earned itself a good deal of fame by virtue of graphene, since its discovery in 2004. In terms of enabling the attachment of biomolecules at different sites of the graphene sheet as well as promoting decent interactions between cells and material, graphene provides abundant scope to do so by virtue of its excellent surface area. A graphene-based, soft electrochemical device was previously developed by Lee et al. for the purpose of measuring blood glucose levels in real time along with accurate and regulated delivery of anti-diabetic drugs for keeping sugar levels under control. Microvascular complications associated with Type 1 diabetes such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy can be considerably lowered by providing intensive remedy for glucose. High surface area and the presence of reactive oxygen species in graphene oxide nanosheets make it eligible for binding to anti-diabetic drugs and also strongly reacting with glucose.
