ABSTRACT
This chapter presents the status and prospects of the in situ diagnostic techniques for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). It describes the typical diagnostics of LIB performance. Neutron small-angle scattering has also been applied to study positive and negative electrode materials. For in situ ion beam analysis (IBA) of LIBs, it is necessary to inject ion beams into the electrode through a metal-laminated plastic film by which a battery is tightly sealed. The energy spectra of particles produced by ion beam nuclear interactions with samples allow obtaining information about Li transport properties related to LIB performance. In principle, combining the nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) with microbeam scanning procedures will allow the full three dimensional characterization of Li distribution in LIBs. Two more ways of in situ micro-IBA measurement of the Li depth distribution are Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and NRA. For microscopic in situ diagnostics, X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy have been widely applied and matured.
