ABSTRACT
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized by a variety of methods like physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical and chemical methods are very costly and toxic to the environment. Therefore, there is an emerging need for synthesis of NPs using nontoxic, eco-friendly, and reliable methods to expand their applications. The use of entities like microorganisms and plant extracts to synthesize NPs is a good alternative. Many microorganisms have the ability to produce inorganic nanostructures and metal NPs with properties similar to chemicallysynthesized materials, while exercising control over the size, shape, and composition of the particles. The main focus of this review is to compile the studies on synthesis of NPs using bacteria, their characterization, and classifications, and also the application of NPs, drawbacks, and future prospectives.
